MOV is the QuickTime File Format that Apple introduced with QuickTime in 1991. When MPEG standardised a container for MPEG-4, it based the ISO base media file format on QuickTime's structure, and MP4 is built on that. The two are siblings: both store media in the same kind of nested boxes (Apple calls them atoms), and both can hold H.264 or HEVC video with AAC sound.
Because of that kinship, most MOV files never need re-encoding. iPhones record HEVC (High Efficiency) or H.264 (Most Compatible) with AAC audio; filetidy lifts those streams out of the MOV and writes them into a fresh MP4 untouched. That is a remux: it finishes in seconds even for long clips, the picture is identical and the size barely changes.
Re-encoding happens only when the video codec doesn't belong in a widely playable MP4. The usual case is Apple ProRes, the editing codec used by Final Cut Pro exports, many cameras and recorders, and iPhone Pro models when ProRes is turned on. ProRes often runs well over 100 Mbit/s, so the H.264 version (about 6 Mbit/s for 1080p at 30 fps) is commonly a tenth of the size or less. Uncompressed PCM sound from cameras or screen recorders is turned into AAC.
The Maximum compatibility checkbox decides what happens to HEVC. Unticked, HEVC is copied: instant and lossless, fine for Macs, iPhones and recent Android phones. Ticked, HEVC is re-encoded to H.264, which older Windows PCs, many TVs and some editing apps need. Location and other tags the iPhone writes are not copied to the MP4.
- Created by
- Apple, as the QuickTime File Format (1991)
- Relation to MP4
- Same box (atom) structure; MP4 derives from QuickTime via the ISO base media file format
- Copied without re-encoding
- H.264 and HEVC video; AAC and MP3 audio
- Re-encoded to H.264
- ProRes and other editing codecs, or HEVC when Maximum compatibility is ticked
- Typical iPhone MOV
- HEVC or H.264 video with AAC sound
- Output
- Fast-start MP4, main video and audio track, no location tag