MKV is the file extension of Matroska, an open container format started in 2002 and named after the Russian nesting dolls. A single MKV can hold almost any codec and any number of tracks: one video, several audio languages, subtitle tracks, chapters and even attached fonts. That flexibility made it the standard for film and series releases and a popular choice for game and stream recordings.
OBS Studio users meet MKV for a practical reason. If OBS, the PC or the power fails mid-recording, an unfinished MP4 is usually unreadable because its index is written only at the end, while an MKV stays playable up to the moment of the crash. Recording to MKV and converting afterwards is the safe workflow.
The catch is playback. The iPhone Photos app, iMovie, many editing programs, some smart TVs and a lot of upload forms won't accept MKV even though the video inside is ordinary H.264 or HEVC. That is why converting is usually a remux: filetidy copies the video stream as is into an MP4, and only touches the sound when it is a codec MP4 players handle poorly. AC-3, E-AC-3, DTS, FLAC, Opus or PCM sound becomes stereo AAC at 160 kbit/s; AAC or MP3 is copied.
An MP4 made here contains one video track and one audio track: the main ones. Extra audio languages, commentary tracks, subtitles and chapter markers are left behind, so keep the MKV if you need them.
- Full name
- Matroska Video, an open, royalty-free container (since 2002)
- Can contain
- Any number of video, audio and subtitle tracks, plus chapters and attachments
- Video handling
- H.264 and HEVC copied; VP9, AV1 and others re-encoded to H.264
- Audio handling
- AAC and MP3 copied; AC-3, DTS, FLAC, Opus become AAC 160 kbit/s stereo
- Kept in the MP4
- Main video and main audio track only
- Not kept
- Other audio languages, subtitles, chapters